Feasibility Study on Steam and Gas Push with Dual Horizontal Wells in a Moderate - Depth Heavy Oil Reservoir
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Non-condensable gas (NCG) with steam co-injection makes steam assisted gravity drainage less energy-intensive as well as reduces greenhouse gas emission and water consumption. Numerous studies have shown that the technology called steam and gas push (SAGP) is feasible for heavy oil and bitumen. However, most of these studies have focused on shallow heavy oil reservoirs and only a few works have investigated moderate-depth heavy oil reservoirs. In this study, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to study shape change, steam chamber expansion, and temperature change after co-injecting NCG with steam into an actual moderate-depth heavy oil reservoir. Results showed that after co-injecting NCG with steam, the transverse expansion rate of the steam chamber accelerated, vertical expansion slowed down, thermal utilization increased, and oil-steam ratio improved. In addition, the injection parameters of SAGP were also optimized via numerical simulation, which indicated that SAGP could effectively improve development effect and recovery for moderate-depth heavy oil reservoirs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it