The Role of the Nurse: A Comparison of the Canadian and Ghanaian Health Care Systems as Experienced by Undergraduate Nursing Students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Undergraduate nursing students were placed for three weeks in three small communities in Ghana as part of an international cross-cultural nursing elective. The main objectives of the placement were to learn about the country’s culture and health care system, and to participate in community nursing placements in both community clinic and school settings. As nursing students participating in this cross-cultural experience, we had the opportunity to work in Ghana’s health care system, where we were able to learn about the nursing role. It became evident that the nursing values, scope of practice, roles and responsibilities had some similarities, but also demonstrated several differences compared to nursing in Canada. A literature review was performed to contrast the cultural differences compared to nursing practice in Canada. Literature was also applied to our personal experiences to facilitate our understanding of the importance of providing culturally sensitive care. Overall, this valuable cross-cultural experience influenced our personal growth, allowing us to thoughtfully integrate our experience through further reflection and review of literature after the course was completed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".