Geographic Distribution and Intrabiotypic Variability of Four Soybean Aphid Biotypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Soybean aphid ( Aphis glycines ) is an invasive species in North America. For more than a decade, scientists have been working on host plant resistance, but the frequent identification of aphid isolates resistant (virulent) to soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] traits has caused concern amongst stakeholders interested in aphid control. To explore the diversity and distribution of these virulent aphids, we sampled soybean fields throughout the north‐central United States and southern Canada from 2011 through 2013. We evaluated soybean aphid performance on soybean cultivars containing Rag1 , Rag2 , and Rag3 loci and categorized them per standard biotypes. The soybean aphid biotypes were widely distributed across the sampled region. We also used the performance test scores to study the outliers and unexpected results according to biotype. Intrabiotypic variability is common in North America.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".