Thermal Regime of the Northern Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present 96 new seafloor heat flow determinations, made with a 3.5-m violin-bow probe and collocated with seismic reflection profiles, from the northern Hikurangi margin on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. Here the Hikurangi Plateau on the Pacific Plate is subducting under the Australian Plate. The background heat flow is 58 ± 8 mW m−2, consistent with and within the variability of globally observed heat flow (56 ± 15 mW m−2) for oceanic crust 90–120 Ma, the age of the Hikurangi Plateau. Seaward of the deformation front, we find evidence for advective fluid flow associated with basement relief. Landward of the deformation front, we use a 2-D steady-state finite-element model to quantify the thermal regime. Despite corrections for the effects of bottom water temperature change, bathymetry and sedimentation, there is considerable scatter in the heat flow data including a local and sharp increase in heat flow of up to 35 mW m−2 observed over the outermost wedge. Variability in the heat flow data is likely due to complex, unmodelled 3-D fluid flow. We augment our heat flow measurements with estimates from a bottom-simulating reflection and continental bottom hole temperatures and conclude that the effective coefficient of friction, μ*, is approximately 0.06 in the region of observed slow-slip events and increases to 0.18 approximately 50 km landward of the deformation front. This transition in μ* may be marking the downdip edge of overpressures along the subduction thrust, suggesting that slow slip is enabled by overpressure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".