Toughness of EW Pipe Seam Welds of Contemporary Steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An extensive experimental program to characterize the Charpy-V-notch (CVN) impact toughness of ten contemporary Electric Welded (EW) pipes was recently completed to establish a database to support the revision of the EW seam weld Charpy toughness testing requirements in Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Z245.1-14. The toughness in these welds is lowest at or near the weld bond line (BL) within a narrow zone ±≈0.5 mm wide. It is feasible and desirable to position the BL notch to a precision to match this width, i.e. ±0.5 mm from the BL. In this paper, typical results of microstructure, micro-hardness, CVN toughness (i.e. absorbed energy) as a function of temperature and notch location, and fractography will be presented. CVN absorbed energy requirements for EW welds in CSA Z245.1 have been determined using a failure assessment diagram (FAD) procedure. The values of required CVN estimated from the FAD are close to those specified in CSA Z245.1-14 but are higher than the specification in CSA Z245.1-18.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".