Augmenting out-of-plane behaviour of masonry wallet using PP-band and steel wire mesh
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extent of vulnerability of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures during seismic loading is too high in comparison to reinforced concrete structures. Brittle behaviour of URM causes life safety of inhabitants. Out-of-plane strength of masonry structure is much lesser than in-plane strength due to less moment of inertia of the former one. In this context, present study is an attempt to improve the out-of-plane behaviour of URM structures by strengthening with polypropylene band (PP-band) and steel wire mesh (WM). Two types of wall configurations; full scale wall and half scale wall were tested under four-point loading method as per ASTM E518-10 recommendations to investigate the out-of-plane behaviour of URM and reinforced masonry (RM). In both the types of walls, it was observed that due to presence of PP band and wire mesh, the load carrying capacity was enhanced and the failure time was delayed which helps in avoiding the sudden collapse of structure. Failure load and load-displacement behaviour of structures are reported in this study. An analytical formulation has also been developed for validating the experimental results. This study may be beneficial in exploring the low cost strengthening techniques for improved seismic behaviour of masonry structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".