757. Community Prevalence of Bacteriologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A 7-Year Retrospective Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background It is estimated that about 40% of the Indian population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), the vast majority of whom have latent TB. However, asymptomatic pulmonary carriage of the TB bacteria contributes to sustenance of the disease in the community and subsequent transmission. The present study was carried out to see the prevalence of culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis in apparently asymptomatic individuals from the community. Methods The study population consisted of individuals wishing to migrate to the USA/UK/Canada/Australia and submitting for the mandatory health check prior to obtaining the Visa. Chest X-ray was the initial screening test for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Individuals with any X-ray abnormalities were directed to submit three sputum samples for microscopy and culture which was done on automated culture systems (BacTALERT and MGIT). First-line drug susceptibility (INH, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Streptomycin) testing data were retrieved wherever available. Data were obtained for a period of 7 years from August 2010 to July 2017. Results A total of 140,499 individuals presented for the health check. Of these, 1,002 (0.7%) were further investigated using sputum microscopy and culture based on chest X-ray findings. Of these, 42 (0.4%) individuals were sputum culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Except two, none had any respiratory complaints. Eleven (27.5%) of them were smear positive for acid fast bacilli. Most of the patients (30%) belonged to the age group of 18–25 years. Eighty-four percent had no prior history of tuberculosis or treatment for TB. Fifty-nine percent isolates were sensitive to all first-line drugs (Isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin). Twenty-seven percent were resistant to pyrazinamide alone. Fourteen percent were resistant to more than one first-line drug. There were no cases of multidrug resistance. Conclusion This is a unique large-scale study which assesses prevalence of culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the urban Indian community. It stresses the need for more stringent public health measures to curb transmission of the disease in such a high endemic region such as India. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".