ROTATIONAL SPECTRA AND GEOMETRIES OF FOUR CONFORMERS OF ISOLATED UROCANIC ACID; AND OF A COMPLEX OF UROCANIC ACID WITH WATER
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Montreal Protocol has banned the production of major ozone depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to protect the Earth’s ozone layer. These chlorinated compounds eventually form a large reservoir of \\chem{HCl} in the upper atmosphere. Therefore, the success of the Montreal Protocol can be determined by measuring the stratospheric \\chem{HCl} abundance. The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) measures infrared solar occultation spectra of the Earth’s atmosphere from which altitude profiles of \\chem{HCl} volume mixing ratios (VMRs) are determined. The stratospheric \\chem{HCl} VMR time series has a linear trend of -4.9$\\pm{0.4} $\\% per decade for 2004-2017, highlighting the continuing success of the Montreal Protocol. The emission of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) has increased in order to replace the CFCs since they are not restricted by the Montreal Protocol. As a result, the atmospheric abundance of HFCs are rapidly increasing. Even though these HFCs do not contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, they are powerful greenhouse gases with large global warming potentials. In 2016, the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol was introduced in order to phaseout long-lived HFCs. The VMRs of the two most abundant HFCs in the atmosphere, \\chem{HFC-134a} and \\chem{CHF_3}, are also measured by the ACE-FTS. These measurements will be useful for monitoring the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. The ACE observations and trends for atmospheric \\chem{HCl}, \\chem{HFC-134a} and \\chem{CHF_3} will be presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".