Bibliographic record
Abstract
The principles and design methods of two novel devices, 2-D Butler matrix (2-D-BM) and phase-shifter group, are presented. The 2-D-BM has 2M+N × 2M+N configurations that can be built based on the traditional 2M × 2M and a 2N × 2N BMs, and all the output ports can be arranged into a parallelogram configuration to fit the planar array. The major merits from traditional BMs, such as perfect matching, lossless transmission, spatially orthogonal beams, and equal power division can entirely be retained in the 2-D-BMs. As an integral component of 2-D-BMs, the phase-shifter groups are employed to offer more than two distinct values of phase delay on various paths without reference lines. The design procedure of the 2-D-BM and the analytical solution of the phase-shifter group are discussed and illustrated. As experimental verification, a 2-D-BM with 16 × 16 configurations feeding to a 4 × 4 square array for 2.4-GHz applications are fabricated and tested. Satisfying performances at matching, isolation, equal power division, and progressive phase differences among all ports can be observed covering a 17% relative bandwidth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".