Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Globalization of work has significant implications for employment prospects of workers in developed economies and firm profitability. Yet, these issues are often debated in emotional or political terms with very little substantive evidence. On the one hand, some argue that a job in Bangalore means one job less in Buffalo. On the other hand, some believe that an additional job abroad means more jobs at home. This paper examines whether additional workers outside U.S. mean less workers within the United States. In addition, we study the effect of foreign IT workers on profits of U.S. firms and how foreign workers may complement American IT workers in influencing the profits. Using data on locational composition of IT workers of more than 150 firms in the U.S. over the period 1999-2003, we find that additional workers outside the U.S. do not mean less workers within the United States. If at all, more workers abroad also means more workers within the United States. We also find that foreign IT workers and American IT workers complement each other when it comes to profits of the U.S. firms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it