Spraying Slurries: Impact of Slurry Properties on Spray Characteristics and Agglomerate Formation in Fluidized Beds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract\nFluid CokingTM is a process that upgrades Alberta’s heavy oil. The recycle stream in the process contains unwanted fines which could affect the interaction between the liquid feed and the bed particles and the tendency to form agglomerates. Agglomeration leads to lower product yields and vessel damage.\nThe impacts of slurry solids on spray stability and angle were measured in open air while the impacts on agglomerate stability and liquid distribution were studied in a fluidized bed. Particle properties were varied to understand the impact of the solids on agglomerates.\nIn open air, it was observed that the presence of solids had a negligible impact on spray behavior. Within the fluidized bed, changing the concentration of injected solids produced a significant effect on agglomerate stability and liquid distribution.\nBy changing the properties of the slurry fines, it was determined that the injection of solids resulted in a filler effect within the agglomerates: the fines strengthened the agglomerates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".