L'héritage de l'éducation sur 25 ans : Une comparaison des tendances au Québec et dans le reste du Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(in French) L'étude utilise les données provenant de 14 des vagues de l'Enquête sociale générale (ESG), réalisée par Statistique Canada auprès des ménages canadiens. Les enquêtes retenues contiennent pour des années de 1986 à 2011 des informations sur le plus haut niveau d'éducation des répondants et ceux de leurs parents (père, mère). L'analyse estime la probabilité qu'un répondant, de plusieurs cohortes des 25-39 ans, soit gradué de l'université conditionnellement au fait qu'un parent (ou les deux) ont, eux aussi, obtenu un diplôme universitaire. Les probabilités estimées selon le sexe des répondants et des parents permettent de dégager un premier portrait la mobilité intergénérationnelle. Dans un deuxième temps, quatre indices de mobilité sont calculés selon des matrices de type Markovien caractérisant les liens entre nombre d'années d'études de répondants et des parents pour quatre sous-périodes d'années. Enfin, les deux enquêtes sur l'évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (IALSS 2003 et PIECA 2012), qui présentent les mêmes informations, sont mises à contribution pour estimer des élasticités intergénérationnelles d'éducation et établir un lien entre le quartile de l'indice socio-économique international de la profession des parents et le nombre d'années d'études des répondants. Les résultats indiquent des progressions des niveaux d'éducation des répondants par rapport à ceux de leurs parents. Cependant, les dernières années suggèrent une persistance des écarts d'éducation entre les générations et de la corrélation parents-enfants adultes. En général, les persistances caractérisées sont plus élevées au Québec que pour le Reste du Canada. Abstract (in English, working paper is in French) The study is based on 14 waves of Statistics Canada? General Social Survey. The selected surveys conducted between 1986 and 2011 have information on the highest education level of respondents and their parents (father, mother). The analysis estimate the probability that a respondent, from many cohorts of persons aged 25-39 years, is a university graduate, conditional that one parent (or both of them) were also a university graduate. The estimated probabilities by gender of respondents and parents offer a first overview of intergenerational education mobility in Canada and Québec. In a second phase, four index of mobility are computed with Markovian type matrices which characterize the relationships between respondents and parents number of years of education over four year-periods. Lastly, two international surveys on adult skills (IALSS 2003 and PIAAC 2012), with similar data, are used to estimate intergenerational education elasticities and linking up the international socio-economic index of parental occupation and respondents years of education. The results indicate a clear stepping up of respondent?s education levels compare to their parents. Nonetheless, the latest years suggest that educational gaps between generations persist as well as the parents-children correlation. The describe persistences are greater in Québec than in the Rest of Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".