Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study discusses traumatic effects of colonialism upon characters in Kateb Yacine’s Nedjma (1956). Colonialism damages the psyche of the colonized, causing them a lot of emotional and mental pain. This traumatic pain makes the colonized easy victims of inner weakness and violence. The life of the colonized is worthless, making some of them helplessly accept their intolerable life as it is while others find counter violence a way to reduce their tension and misery. As a result of experiencing massive losses, characters in the novel show different signs of trauma; they seem overwhelmed by a sense of loss, violence, denial and confusion. With feelings of self-inferiority instilled into their minds, the colonized become programmed to accept the superiority of their oppressors. Losing faith in the power of their native language to express themselves, they use their colonizers’ language and copy their lifestyle. Moreover, the racism and dehumanization experienced during years of colonization lead to a breach between the colonized and their social and moral values. This state of estrangement in the life of the colonized undermines their self-confidence and their sense of identity. Loss of strong meaningful connections with native origins makes them submissive or even victims of self-dehumanization and aimlessness. With no hope to turn the tide, colonialism may result in considerable distortion in the social structures and values of the colonized, affecting their personal attitudes and their relationships with the world around them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".