A 6-bit Phase Shifter at E-band Using a Feedback-Controlled Variable Attenuator
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 6-bit phase shifter operating at E-band (71 GHz to 76 GHz) is presented. The differential phase shifter is based on a vector modulator topology, using an accurate variable attenuator to achieve variable gain in the I and Q branches. The accuracy is achieved using combination of a feedback control circuit and a replica circuit. Implemented in a 55 nm BiCMOS technology, the phase shifter measures \pmb930 μm×410 μm (1965 μm×1080 μm including test baluns and pads). The circuit achieves an RMS phase error of 2.1° and an RMS amplitude error of 0.36 dB over the band of interest.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it