Modelling the Mechanical Behaviour of Municipal Solid Waste for an Engineered Landfill Using Viscoelasticity and Other Established Concepts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The stabilization process in municipal solid waste (MSW) is inherently complex.In the short term, waste has an immediate elastic response due to surcharge loading.Long-term stabilization involves a secondary mechanical settlement phase and a thermally dependent biodegradation phase.It can be difficult to distinguish the time-dependent behaviour between these components.Two composite compressibility models were developed to simulate settlement.One model was based on Marques et al. (2003) and another on viscoelasticity.Both models achieved correspondence with the field data for short-term and long-term settlement.Good consistency was achieved for the parameters across both optimized models.The parameters achieved for both model types are all within acceptable limits from literature for MSW.The Marques et al. (2003) based model allowed a more rigid transition between immediate elastic response and time-dependent settlement.The viscoelastic model proved more consistent in reproducing the transition patterns seen in real MSW displacement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".