Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cell Electrical Parameter Imaging Using Camera-based High-frequency Heterodyne Lock-in Carrierography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells with certified power conversion efficiency of 12.8 % were imaged using camera-based high-frequency heterodyne lock-in carrierography. Carrier lifetime, diffusivity, diffusion and drift lengths were imaged to investigate carrier transport behavior and Au contact/CQD interface effects in these CQD solar cells. Lower carrier lifetimes (ca. 0.5 μs and 2.3 μs at 293 K and 200 K, respectively, in agreement with literature transient photovoltage results), were found in Au contact regions due to enhanced trap states. This imaging methodology shows great potential for understanding energy loss in CQD solar cells and for nondestructive large-area characterization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".