Quantitative lock-in thermography imaging of thermal-wave spatial profiles and thermophysical property measurements in solids with inner corner geometries using thermal-wave field theory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we established a theoretical photothermal model and its experimental validation for an infinitely long solid with an inner corner of arbitrary opening angle, with the solid being irradiated photothermally by a modulated laser beam of arbitrary spatial intensity distribution directed to the corner. The thermal-wave field distribution on the flat surfaces of the solid centered at the corner was obtained using the Green function method. Experimental results based on quantitative thermographic imaging were obtained and used to validate the theoretical model in which thermal diffusivity of an inner cornered stainless steel was measured. The thermal-wave theory based lock-in thermography imaging technique provides a quantitative tool for thermal property measurement and/or non-destructive evaluation of non-flat structures. It also generates valuable physical insights into the spatial distribution of the thermal-wave field in the neighborhood of geometric discontinuities such as inner corners in solids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".