Robot Cooperative Behavior Learning Using Single-Shot Learning From Demonstration and Parallel Hidden Markov Models
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For robots to become collaborative assistants, they need to be capable of naturally interacting with users in real environments. They also need to be able to learn new skills from non-expert users. In this letter, we present a novel parallel hidden Markov model (PaHMM) architecture for learning from demonstration (LfD), which allows a robot to learn a sequence of cooperative and non-cooperative behaviors from a single demonstration (single-shot) of a task-based human-robot interaction from two interacting teachers. During teaching, the robot learns both a human-robot interaction model and an object interaction model in order to be able to effectively determine its own behaviors. Experiments with a Baxter robot and several teachers were conducted to validate the ability of the robot to learn both cooperative and non-cooperative behaviors during a task-based interaction. Comparison experiments also show the robustness of our approach to spatial variations from the demonstrated behaviors and tracking errors when compared to other approaches.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".