Why Was Canada Not in the Room for the Nuclear Ban Treaty?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter examines Canada’s lost opportunities for leadership in arms control and nuclear non-proliferation. Canada’s decades-long record for promoting non-proliferation norms ranges from active support for the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty that became international law in 1970 to former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau’s peace initiative in 1983, through to Canada’s influential push leading to the NATO nuclear policyNATO Nuclear policy review in 2000 and the 2005 all-party resolution in Canadian Parliament on prohibition of nuclear weapons. Why Canada chose not to champion the 2017 UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, instead voting against the UN General Assembly resolution in 2016 that established the mandate for nations to negotiate the treaty and falling in line with the US-led NATO boycott of negotiations, is examined. The authors conclude that Canadian civil society leadership continues to be essential to a return by the Canadian Government to independent thinking and leadership on nuclear disarmament.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".