Chitin Biosynthesis Inhibitors in Euschistus heros Fabr. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Morphometric Alterations in Testes and Nuclei of Testicular Accessory Cells of Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Euschistus heros is an important pest in Brazilian agriculture growing importance in the general Neotropical realm. Its reproductive potential is the key factor for its characterization as a pest in major crops such as soybean and cotton. The aims of this study were to characterize morphometric parameters of testicles and testicular accessory cells-TACs nuclei of adults E. heros treated with chitin biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs). The insecticides lufenuron (Match® 50 EC) and buprofezin (Applaud® 250 WP) were applied individually in 4th instar nymphs, remained in controlled conditions until the emergence of adult males. The testicles were identified and removed 72 h after emergency, fixed, photographed for anatomic analysis, and processed for morphometric analyses of the TACs nuclei. It was possible to observe that lufenuron and buprofezin decreased the testicular area. Buprofezin decreased the mean nuclear area analyzed in the TACs, and nuclear hypertrophy can indicate an activity on support and nutrition of germ line cells, presenting a possible effect on protein synthesis. The intense reaction for Fast green in control compared to buprofezin treatment may indicate that total protein (histones and non-histones) has been altered. The tested insecticides, with special focus on buprofezin may affect the final stages of reproductive development of E. heros, with potential to be used in field to the control of this pest.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".