Experimentally and Numerically Analyzed Piezoelectric Characteristics of PZT Ceramics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electric generation characteristics of the PZT piezoelectric ceramics were examined experimentally and numerically. In this case, cyclic bending loading was applied to the PZT ceramics: bulk and thin-film membrane. Electric voltage increased with increasing the strain value. There was a sharp initial increase in positive voltage for the PZT ceramics as bending load was applied. Following this initial increase stage, a rapid fall to zero occurred. The reduction rate of the positive voltage was changed depending on the rigidly of the PZT ceramic: the higher the reduction rate, the higher the rigid of the ceramic. The electrical voltage from the circular membrane PZT ceramic during cyclic loading showed the higher level compared to that for the bulk one, in which the flexibility of the PZT ceramic was significant factor to obtain the high electric voltage. The variation of the electric voltages was estimated numerically, which was relatively in good agreement with the experimental one.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".