The Dual Effect of the Brassinosteroid Pathway on Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection by Modulating the Peroxidase-Mediated Oxidative Burst and Plant Defense
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The phytohormone brassinosteroid (BR) not only plays key roles in regulating plant growth and development but is also involved in modulating the plant defense system in response to pathogens. We previously found that BR application made rice plants more susceptible to the devastating pathogen rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), but the mechanism of BR-mediated susceptibility remains unclear. We now show that both BR-deficient and -insensitive mutants are resistant to RBSDV infection. High-throughput sequencing showed that the defense hormone salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways were activated in the RBSDV-infected BR mutant. Meanwhile, a number of class III peroxidases (OsPrx) were significantly changed and basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in BR mutants. Treatment with exogenous hormones and other chemicals demonstrated that the BR pathway could suppress the levels of OsPrx and the ROS burst by directly binding the promoters of OsPrx genes. Together, our findings indicate that BR-mediated susceptibility is at least partly caused by inhibition of the action of defense hormones, preventing the accumulation of the peroxidase-mediated oxidative burst.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".