Neuropathic pain in Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis: Relationship with functional status and radiological severity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was conducted to identify the frequency of neuropathic pain (NP) and its relationship with functional status and radiological severity in a series of Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study included 165 patients with primary KOA. Visual analogue scale (VAS)-pain was estimated and the Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) Universities osteoarthritis index was used for assessment of pain, stiffness and physical function, Douleur Neuropathique in 4 questions (DN4) questionnaire was used to assess NP and Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) radiological grading was used to assess OA severity. The mean age of the patients was 53.08 ± 6.95 years, were 144 females and 21 males, 23 were employed, body mass index was 24.87 ± 1.91 and total WOMAC was 44.24 ± 16.52. The mean DN4 score was 2.81 ± 1.27. 29 (17.6%) patients had NP. The mean symptom duration was significantly longer in patients with NP (50.9 ± 14.58 months) compared to those without (36.53 ± 25.25 months) (p = 0.008). The VAS-pain and WOMAC score were significantly increased in patients with NP compared to those without (p < 0.001) while the KL was comparable. The DN4 questionnaire significantly correlated with VAS-pain at rest (r = 0.56, p = 0.002); and with WOMAC pain subscale (r = 0.38, p = 0.043). A relevant proportion of KOA patients have NP and is remarkably related to the disease duration. Functional capacity is adversely affected in these patients. However, no relation was found between DN4 questionnaire and the radiological severity. Once detected, suitable treatment options for NP should be included in the management of primary KOA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".