Induction of Phytoalexin Synthesis in Medicago sativa (Lucerne)– Verticillium albo-atrum Interaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first report of a wilt disease of Medicago sativa L. (lucerne, alfalfa) caused by Verticillium albo-atrum was from Sweden in 1918 ( Hedlund, 1923 ), but during the period 1938–1950 the disease was reported in a number of European countries, including Germany ( Richter and Klinkowski, 1938 ), Holland ( Hansen and Weber, 1948 ), and France (Krietlow, 1962). In the United Kingdom, where there had been a large postwar increase in lucerne cultivation, 12,800 hectares in 1942 to 44,000 hectares in 1954, the first recorded outbreak was in 1952 ( Noble et al., 1953 ). Following this first occurrence the disease spread rapidly, resulting in a decline in the area under cultivation to 15,000 hectares by 1970. Subsequently the disease was recorded in Canada in 1964 ( Aube and Sackston, 1964 ) and in Washington State ( Graham et al., 1977 ), and today the disease is of major significance in North America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".