Ultralong‐Life Quasi‐Solid‐State Li‐O<sub>2</sub> Batteries Enabled by Coupling Advanced Air Electrode Design with Li Metal Anode Protection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Development of Li‐O2 batteries with ultrahigh theoretical energy density is highly desired to meet the ever‐increasing demand of energy density. However, safety concerns and cycling life have become main bottlenecks that inhibit the practical applications of Li‐O2 batteries because of the use of organic liquid electrolytes (LEs) and the noneffective air electrodes. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are reported to be used in Li‐O2 batteries and show relatively improved performance than LEs, but they are still below the expectation. Herein, a quasi‐solid‐state Li‐O2 battery constructed with a GPE and a high‐efficiency air electrode is proposed. Excellent electrochemical performance is demonstrated beyond the batteries with LE, evidenced by the ultralong cycle life of up to 553 cycles and stable operating time for over 1100 h. The elongated cycling life benefits from the role of GPE in blocking O2 crossover, protecting Li metal, and avoiding electrolyte evaporation compared with LE. It is expected that the present study can shed light on the future study on developing efficient catalysts for (quasi) solid‐state Li‐O2 battery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".