Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study looks at the economic impact of 2015 on-farm investments for six agricultural sectors (hog, beef, cash crops, dairy, poultry and egg) in Canada, excluding production quota purchase. The direct, indirect and induced effect of on farm investments is calculated for the Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, the Prairies and British Columbia. In Quebec, the model used allowed for the measurement of regional impacts by administrative regions. Comparisons are made between supply and non-supply managed productions. Results indicate that in 2015, Canadian farmers in the six sectors studied have collectively invested more than 9.2 billion dollars that contributed to nearly 89, 000 full-time jobs created and 8.7 billion dollars in the GDP. The stability of farm prices that are characteristic of productions under supply management seems favorable to farm investments. While supply management represents roughly 20 % of farm receipts of the six sectors studied, they represent 25 % of total investments and 28 % of the total GDP generated by farm investments. Moreover, on a per farm basis, supply managed farms create significantly more employment and contributions to GDP than their non-supply managed counterparts. Cette étude porte sur l’impact économique des investissements à la ferme en 2015 pour six secteurs agricoles au Canada (porc, bœuf, récoltes à revenu, produits laitiers, volaille et œuf), mais exclut les quotas de production pour les achats. Les effets directs, indirects, et induits des investissements à la ferme sont calculés pour les régions de l’Atlantique, du Québec, de l’Ontario, des Grandes Prairies et de la Colombie-Britannique. Pour le Québec, le modèle utilisé favorise l’évaluation des impacts régionaux par région administrative. Des comparaisons sont faites entre les productions en mode de gestion ou non gestion des stocks. Les résultats de 2015 indiquent que les fermiers canadiens des six secteurs sous étude ont collectivement investi plus de 9, 2 milliards de dollars qui ont contribué à la création de près de 89 000 emplois à temps plein, et à 8, 7 milliards de dollars du PIB. La stabilité des prix à la ferme qui sont attribuables aux productions en mode de gestion des stocks semblent favorables aux investissements. Tandis que la gestion des stocks représente approximativement 20% des revenus pour les six secteurs sous étude, celle-ci représente 25% des investissements totaux et 28% du PIB total généré par les investissements à la ferme. De plus, sur la base d’une seule ferme, les fermes en mode de gestion des stocks créent significativement plus d’emplois et plus de contributions au PIB que leurs homologues qui opèrent en mode de non gestion des stocks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".