Miniaturized Probe for Time-Domain Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper concerns demonstrating the feasibility of designing a miniature optical probe for imaging applications based on time-domain near infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS). In a first step towards miniaturization, a compact optical probe was designed by housing Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) diode, Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) and control circuit in one single QFN package of dimensions 12mm × 12mm, often referred to as System-in-Package approach. The integrated optical module can provide short optical pulses at 100 MHz repetition rate, demonstrating its suitability for time-domain measurements. The experimental characterization of the time-gated detector features the ability to reject undesired strong light pulses by sharp temporal filtering of impinging photons that would otherwise mask the signal of interest. Furthermore, the size of the probe is reduced to 12 mm by 2.SD integration of all the heterogenous chips including the ancillary components on a silicon interposer platform.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".