Bending Properties of Solid Thin Flexible Energy Storage Devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The performance of solid, thin and flexible electrochemical capacitors (ECs) under different bending conditions were investigated. The bending parameters include bending angle, bending radius and bending cycle. While the bending angle does not affect the performance of the solid EC cells significantly, small bending radius increases the cell resistance from a delamination at the current collector/electrode interface. A large bending cycle causes a severe self-discharging by losing mechanical protection at the electrolyte/separator layer. The layer is pierced through, creating localized contacts between electrodes which lead to a high leakage current. The electrode/electrolyte interface remains relatively intact under various bending conditions. The investigation of these parameters together with cross-sectional analyses provide a systematic understanding of the failure mechanism of thin and flexible ECs under bending. Although the approach was demonstrated on a sandwiched solid EC cell with a commercial activated carbon and a neutral pH polymer electrolyte, it can be extended for quantified investigations of mechanical properties of general solid flexible electrochemical devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".