ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ ПРОДУКЦИИ КАЗЁННЫХ ГОРНЫХ ОКРУГОВ УРАЛА В ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX ВЕКА
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article considers the delivery of products of state-owned metallurgical works in the Urals to consumers in the first half of the 19 century. Based on a complex of published sources (historical and statistical descriptions, materials of the Mining Journal), as well as archival documents, the author concludes that the state mining districts produced metals mainly for the Military and the Navy Department for the needs of arms enterprises, arsenals and seaports in various regions of the Russian Empire. Metals and products of state enterprises were delivered by land and water. Within districts, the products were transported by land to state piers on local roads. Due to the poor condition of the road network inside the state districts, transportation was carried out in winter. In spring, in state caravans, the products were floated to destinations in Central Russia. The author notes that the delivery of products by water was carried out mainly by the resources of the Mining Department under the supervision of the caravan inspectors, who were subordinate to the staff of officials and employees. In the first quarter of the 19 century, the state used the services of private contractors for the transportation of products to piers and their rafting to destinations. As a result, the imperfection of the transport system of the region, its remoteness from the main sales areas led to an increase in the cost of products of state-owned works. The time of delivery of military products to the destinations increased, which led to violations of the deadlines for the performance of military orders.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".