Sustainable use of sugarcane bagasse ash in cement-based materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bagasse is biomass residue generated on extraction of juice from sugarcane. It is commonly used as fuel for electricity generators, and its calcination produces sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). Finely ground SCBA can be used as partial replacement for cement. In this study, the effects of SCBA incorporating different quartz contents on properties of cement pastes and mortars were investigated. SCBA with a high carbon content retrieved from Brazilian industrial boilers was washed with water. Two ashes, namely top wash SCBA with a low quartz content and bottom wash SCBA with a high quartz content, were obtained. Both ashes were compared with the as-received control ash. The SCBA samples were recalcinated by conjugate burning and then finely ground. Results show that bottom SCBA had more crystalline phases, while top SCBA was more active, achieving a higher pozzolanic activity. Isothermal calorimetry showed that SCBA cement released increased heat of hydration due to heterogeneous nucleation and exothermic hydration reactions. Mercury intrusion porosimetry showed that SCBA contributed to refining the pore structure. Mechanical strength results indicated that SCBA can be used for partial replacement of cement, enhancing the sustainability and engineering properties of cement-based materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".