The November 1, 1935, M 6.2 Timiskaming earthquake, its aftershocks, and subsequent seismicity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The November 1, 1935 Timiskaming earthquake, mb 6.2, was felt over an area of 1.3 million km2 and was the first recorded from the Timiskaming area. This report documents the seismic history of the area with specific reference to the mainshock, immediate aftershocks, subsequent seismicity and seismotectonics. A new epicentre at 46.885°N 79.004°W has been determined for the mainshock. Seven new aftershocks that were reported in the national press are documented along with the twelve already known. The largest aftershock (mN 4.9) lies 30 km northeast of the mainshock. Relocation of the subsequent earthquakes suggests that most of the earthquakes lie in a northwest-southeast trending band approximately 10 km wide and 55 km long under Lac Kipawa, here called the Kipawa Seismic Zone. Recurrence rates (ß=0.92; N0=2.0 per year) calculated for the zone have an extremely low ß value and imply M=5.0 earthquakes once every 48 years. Available data provide poorly-constrained focal mechanisms for the zone. The best choice suggests thrusting on planes striking northwest and dipping about 45°, probably related to Lower Paleozoic rift faults that extend from the Ottawa Valley to Lake Timiskaming.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".