Vitamin D status is associated with 1,5-anhydro-<scp>d</scp>-glucitol status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Serum 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol (1,5-AG) concentrations are short-term hyperglycemia indicators and were used to estimate the effects of serum vitamin D concentrations on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serum concentrations of 1,5-AG, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25-OH-D2), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D3) from 11 026 patients with T2DM, hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Central Hospital of Xuhui District, from January 2012 to June 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Correlation analyses revealed correlations between 1,5-AG and 25-OH-D3 (r = 0.05, P < 0.001), age (r = 0.05, P < 0.001), and 25-OH-D2 + 25-OH-D3 (25-OH-D2/D3) (r = 0.05, P < 0.001). Linear regression analyses revealed associations between 1,5-AG and 25-OH-D2/D3 (adjusted R2 = 0.003) as well as 25-OH-D3 (adjusted R2 = 0.002). In males with 1,5-AG levels ≤11.55 mg/L, serum concentrations of 25-OH-D2 (P < 0.001) and 25-OH-D3 (P = 0.001) were significantly lower than those in diabetic males with 1,5-AG levels >11.55 mg/L. Serum concentrations of 25-OH-D2/D3 in patients with T2DM were associated with 1,5-AG retention, suggesting involvement in glycemic control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".