The Role of Plant-Based Foods in Canadian Diets: A Survey Examining Food Choices, Motivations and Dietary Identity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Used as a replacement for animal-based protein sources, the market for foods containing plant-based proteins (PBPs) continues to grow across North America. As of now, however, few studies of consumer behaviour focus specifically on the dynamics of this development in Canada and so this study looks at how PBPs fit in the current dietary choices of Canadians. Using data collected through a geographically representative nation-wide survey, the analysis shows that past and current consumption of these products are good indicators of future consumption of PBPs. Relatedly, negative stigma attached to earlier versions of PBPs, sometimes referred to as ‘fake meat’, continues to be an issue with current Canadian consumers. The analysis also demonstrates that personal health and animal/environmental ethics play a significant role in individual decisions to eat PBPs instead of meat. Additionally, issues of availability, affordability and concern over the sensory qualities continue to present barriers to future use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".