In-memory batch-normalization for resistive memory based binary neural network hardware
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Binary Neural Network (BNN) has a great potential to be implemented on Resistive memory Crossbar Array (RCA)-based hardware accelerators because it requires only 1-bit precision for weights and activations. While general structures to implement convolution or fully-connected layers in RCA-based BNN hardware were actively studied in previous works, Batch-Normalization (BN) layer, which is another key layer of BNN, has not been discussed in depth yet. In this work, we propose in-memory batch-normalization schemes which integrate BN layers on RCA so that area/energy-efficiency of the BNN accelerators can be maximized. In addition, we also show that sense amp error due to device mismatch can be suppressed using the proposed in-memory BN design.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it