Effective sapphire repellency treatment to reduce fouling of a focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) probe in bituminous systems
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The use of a focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) probe to track the chord length distribution dynamics in a bituminous system can be very challenging. Material coats the sapphire window of the probe and the quality of the data is compromised. The fouling index is a parameter used to assess the quality of the FBRM data. It is provided by the software and is the percentage similarity between two consecutive scans of the instrument, indicating how much of the reading has not changed due to material that is stuck to the optical window. When the FBRM was used in bitumen froth, the fouling index was higher than 90 %. In this work the significant reduction in fouling achieved with a sapphire repellency treatment is presented. The reduction in fouling was sufficient to detect broad trends in the FBRM data that will be used in future studies but was not sufficient to ensure quantitative measurement of the chord length distribution.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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