Sulphur and lead isotopic compositions of the Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits in the Linzizong volcanic area, Gangdese belt, Tibet: Implications for variation characteristics of ore‐forming material sources and exploration targeting
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Relatively little attention has been given to variations in ore‐forming metal sources of Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits hosted in or near the Linzizong volcanic rocks from the eastern to western Gangdese belt. Based on the S and Pb isotopic data of typical Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits from the eastern to western Gangdese, the ore‐forming sources are discerned. The δ 34 S V‐CDT values of the typical Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits in the Gangdese metallogenic belt have a relatively large range of −11.6‰ to 6.0‰, different from those of the porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au deposits (mainly vary from −2.0‰ to 1.0‰) in the Gangdese metallogenic belt, indicating that the sulphur in the ore‐forming fluid of Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits was dominantly of magmatic origin, but also influenced by strata nearby. The Nuocang and Beina deposits in the western Gangdese have a predominantly upper crustal source of Pb (average values: 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.705, 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 39.102), while the Narusongduo and Dexin deposits in the central Gangdese and the Leqingla and Xingaguo deposits in the eastern Gangdese are characterized by a mixed source in which Pb was derived from both the subducted slab and the ancient Lhasa basement. From the eastern to western Gangdese, Pb isotopic data show a gradually increasing scale of crustal materials from the Lhasa terrane basement. Combined with the geochemical data of the ore‐related intrusions and Linzizong volcanic rocks from the six deposits, or nearby, we proposed that the heterogeneity of Lhasa terrane crust resulted in more ancient Lhasa basement components contributing to ore‐forming sources from the eastern to western Gangdese. Moreover, relatively higher contents of Au, Ag elements could be identified in the Linzizong volcanic rocks of the western Gangdese than those of in the central and eastern Gangdese. Therefore, in addition to finding the cryptoexplosive breccia, epithermal, skarn, hydrothermal vein‐type Pb–Zn polymetallic deposits, there is exploration potential for epithermal Au–Ag deposits associated with the Linzizong volcanic rocks, western Gangdese.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it