Role of Family Members in Sport Motivation, Involvement and Expertise of Track and Field Athletes in France
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Familial influence towards sport in general is well documented in the scientific literature. But what about the influence of family when the same sporting activity is practiced by parents, children, cousins or grandparents? Does it have an impact on sporting motivations, involvement and expertise of participants? he authors interviewed 1132 track and field athletes (1.03% of the total population of track and field athletes aged 13 to 60 in France) by measuring their motivation towards athletics with the Vallerand Sports Motivation Scale SMS 28. Age, gender, social status and familial networks were used as independent variables. The results show that having other family members affiliated to the same club and/or participating in the same sporting activity, not only affects sport motivations and involvement, but also the athletes’ level of expertise. Family members are prone to inculcate habits and values, but also to support, help and encourage relatives in sporting activities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".