Evaluation of top-down crack propagation in asphalt pavement under dual tire loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Top-down cracking (TDC) has been recognized worldwide and is regarded as a major type of asphalt pavement distress. In this study, fracture mechanisms behind the TDC propagation and fatigue life of pavements were investigated under dual tire loads using finite element (FE) analysis. By considering the most influencing factors on TDC propagation, stress intensity factors (SIF), including KI and KII, were calculated at critical transverse locations. According to Modes I and II SIF, a greater SIF indicates a faster rate of TDC propagation. The SIF results indicated that considering temperature gradient in asphalt concrete (AC) layer is necessary in determination of critical SIF, and KI and KII are not distributed uniformly within the AC depth. In addition, TDC growth rate significantly depends on AC thickness and base layer type. Finally, the number of load repetitions for TDC propagation rate at different transverse locations is predicted based on Paris’ law equation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".