Marital Stress among Working Class Women in Kwara State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling Practice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the sources of marital stress among working class women in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study also examined the influence of age, type of marriage, and length of years in service on the respondents’ views. The study employed a descriptive survey method. A total of 422 working class women in Kwara State were selected from a population size of 7,237 through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The participants responded to a researcher-designed questionnaire entitled ‘Sources of Marital Stress Questionnaire (SMSQ)’. The validity of the instrument was done by a team of experts (5) from the Department of Counsellor Education, University of Ilorin and the reliability was established using test re-test reliability method, which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.65. The data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that the sources of marital stress of working class women were sexual incompatibility with their spouses, financial constraints, in-laws’ interference, and religious differences among others. Results further indicated that there were significant differences in the sources of marital stress among working class women in Kwara State on the bases of age, type of marriage and length of years in marriage. In view of the findings of this study, it was concluded that the sources of marital stress among working class women were numerous. Recommendations were made that counsellors should assist working class women to cope with their sexual incompatibilities with their spouses through appropriate counseling services.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".