Bibliographic record
Abstract
Le Canada a été entraîné dans la guerre des Boers d'une manière tout à fait singulière.Le 3 juillet 1899, Joseph Chamberlain, secrétaire d'État britannique aux colonies, envoie une lettre à l'attention du gouverneur général du Canada, lord Minto (Earl of Minto), dans laquelle il indique que les relations de plus en plus tendues avec les Boers, obligeront les autorités britanniques à recourir à un ultimatum.Le cas échéant, une grande démonstration de force matérielle, ainsi que l'envoi de troupes seraient indispensables.Chamberlain tâte ensuite le terrain : I feel that here is an opportunity of showing the solidarity of the Empire, and if a really spontaneous request were made from Canadian force to serve with H.M. troops on such an expedition, it would be welcomed by the authorities and all necessary arrangements would be made to accept and carry it out.Such proof of the unity of the Empire would have a great moral effect and might go far to secure a pacifie settlement.Is such an offer probable?If so it should be made soon, but I do not desire that it should be the result of extcrnal pressure or suggestion 1• Quelques jours plus tard, le 31 juillet 1899, la Chambre des communes adopte une résolution de « sympathie pour les efforts tentés par les autorités impériales en vue d'obtenir en faveur des sujets de Sa Majesté établis dans le Transvaal la même mesure de justice et de reconnaissance politique qui sera nécessaire pour leur assurer la pleine jouissance de libertés et de droits égaux: 2 ».Le 3 octobre 1899, Joseph Chamberlain envoie un télégramme à lord Minto dans lequel il énonce les conditions d'une éventuelle participation canadienne à l'effort de guerre.Il s'agissait, entre autres choses, de contributions en hommes, des groupes (units) de 125 soldats.Le télégramme stipulait en outre que les groupes devraient être envoyés le 31 octobre, au plus tard 3 • Association québécoise d'histoire politique 161Mais cette date butoir n'a pas posé de problème, puisque le 13 octobre 1899, le Cabinet de Wilfrid Laurier fait un geste irrémédiable en adoptant un décret ministérielà cette époque, on employait l'expression « arrêté en conseil» -dont voici un extrait:The Prime Minister, in view of the well known desire of a great many Canadians who are ready to take service under such conditions [ télégramme du 3 octobre], is in opinion that the moderate expenditure wich would thus be involved for the equipment and transportation of such volunteers may readily be undertaken by the Government of Canada without summoning Parliament, especially as such an expenditure under such circumstances cannot be regarded as a departure from the well known principles of constitutional government and colonial practice, nor construed as a precedent for future action.[ ... ] The Prime Minister, therefore, recommends that out of the stores now available in the Militia Department, the Government undertake to equip a certain number of volunteers, not to exceed 1,000 men, and to provide for their transportation from this country to South Africa [ ...
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".