On the Susceptibility of SRAM-Based FPGA Routing Network to Delay Changes Induced by Ionizing Radiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of investigations on the susceptibility of routing network in SRAM-based field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) exposed to ionizing neutron radiation creating single-event upset (SEU). A method to configure test circuits mostly with routing resources and few logic resources is presented. Full control over routing resources enables the use of different interconnection types in order to create routing-based oscillators. A method is proposed to route through the 2-D array of switch matrices inside the interconnection network and to automatically identify the involved programmable interconnection points associated with a node. An experimental setup employed to measure delay changes (DCs) induced by single-event upset to the FPGA routing resources, while it is exposed to ionizing neutron radiation, is described. The proposed setup requires no external equipment instruments for DC measurement. The experimental results show that our setup is able to measure induced DCs as low as 5 ps on higher frequency oscillators. Statistical data such as cross sections and mean time to DC are extracted from the results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".