Effect of aging on the piezoelectric properties of sol-gel derived lead-free BCZT ceramics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aging is well observed in piezoelectric materials and plays a major role in determining the sustainabilityand performance issues of the piezoelectric based devices. Aging behavior is usually defined as the spontaneous decay of the piezoelectric properties with time. In this present study, the effect of aging on the piezoelectric properties of sol-gel derived lead-free BCZT ceramics has been investigated. During the aging process, the ferroelectric hysteresis loop was shifted along the field axis. The results revealed that the piezoelectric and dielectric properties were rapidly decreased linearly with increasing aging time and become stable with further increase in aging time. Piezoelectric (d33, g33 &kp) and dielectric properties (εr) were decreased approximately by 18% after 70 days. This could be due to the gradual stabilization of the ferroelectric domain structurewhich originates from the reorientation of the local defect dipoles and the migration of free oxygen vacancies towards the grain boundaries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".