Abstract TMP42: Younger Age and Depressive Symptoms Predict Post-Stroke Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are common post-stroke conditions associated with poor functional outcome and worse quality of life. However, few studies have explored post-stroke generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), especially in patients without comorbid depression. Hypothesis/Aim: We aimed to explore the frequency and the predictors of GAD after stroke/TIA. Our secondary aim was to identify the frequency and predictors of GAD in patients without comorbid depression. Methods: Consecutive stroke and TIA referrals to the Sunnybrook Stroke Prevention Clinic over a two-year period (April 2012 to April 2014) who spoke English, were not severely aphasic, and who consented to complete neuropsychological testing were included in this analysis. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Scores ≥ 10 on the GAD-7 signified moderate to severe anxiety and ≥16 on CESD indicated moderate to high risk of depression. Clinical depression was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV-Depression Module. Results: 258 patients completed the GAD-7 scale, of which 56 (22%) had scores ≥ 10. Lower age (p = .004) and greater depressive symptoms (p ≤ .001) were significant predictors of post-stroke GAD, while sex, modified Rankin score, and education did not predict anxiety. Younger patients (≤ 50 years) were significantly more likely to have comorbid depression and anxiety than older patients (30% vs. 12%, p = .001). Our model explained 56% of the variance in GAD after stroke. Anxiety was present in 12% of patients without comorbid clinical depression. In patients without clinical depression (n = 207, 80%), age and symptoms of depression remained the only significant predictors of GAD. Conclusion: Anxiety is common after stroke/TIA and is highly correlated with post-stroke depressive symptoms and age, even among those without clinical depression. Given the greater frequency of both anxiety and depression in young survivors, routine screening for depression and further evaluation of anxiety after stroke is warranted. Interventions to improve these conditions could improve quality of life and outcomes following stroke
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".