Patrick Imbert, Comparer le Canada et les Amériques. Des racines aux réseaux transculturels", Québec, PU Laval, 2014.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Patrick Imbert's Comparer le Canada et les Amériques.Des racines aux réseaux transculturels is a nuanced and far-reaching monograph that renews the field of comparative cultural studies with regard to the relations between Canada, the United States, and Latin America.If most of the research related to the Americas adopts the European models of thought, this book displays the essential role of transcultural networks of knowledge beyond the idea of "roots", fundamental to Europe.Drawing on an impressive repertoire of scholarship in history, sociology, anthropology, and critical theory, as well as on literary analyses of contemporary writers, the monograph is deeply invested in engaging comparisons between European, Canadian, American, and Latin American concepts and practices -ranging from the invention of the Nation-State to the contemporary intercultural, multicultural and transcultural dynamics of the New World -that challenge the major 19 th century paradigms: "extérieur/intérieur" and "barbarie/civilisation"(3), and the national metanarratives.More so than in a historical discourse, based on diachronic perspectives, Patrick Imbert -following the multiculturalism of Will Kymlicka, the Quebecois interculturalism by Gérard Bouchard, and the anthropological views of René Girard in Des choses cachées depuis la fondation du monde -interrogates the social, political, literary, and symbolic implications of the transgression of such dualisms as: inside/outside, sole alterity linked to Europe/multiple alterities in the Americas, long temporality/short temporality, frontier/frontière through the integration of new concepts like: "le tiers inclus" and "le caméléonage", along with the legitimacy of mobility and theories of multi and transculturalism.The book consists of three long chapters, each comprising fifteen to twenty sub-chapters, to which annexes the conclusion, "Le surplus de savoir", and an extensive bibliography of twenty-six pages of critical and literary works -an excellent tool for research in the field.In the first chapter, "L'invention des États-nations et les paradigmes fondateurs: intérieur/extérieur synonyme de barbarie/civilisation", the author explores the stakes of passing from a dualistic identity to the acceptance of movement and the role of the "métissage des espaces" (58) in creating new forms of identity, more open to various encounters with the other/s.Here, Imbert breaks new ground in extending and consolidating a strain of violence theory emerging out of René Girard that inhere to "les rapports avec les peuples fondateurs" (72) in order to invite these peoples ("Autochtones, Noirs et Métis", 3) into diverse dynamics of belonging.In this pursuit, in the second chapter, the author proposes several ways of escaping national metanarratives built on exclusion: "échapper au dualisme par le complexe" (79), "le rejet du nationalisme homogénéisant" (99), "les réincarnations", "l'hybridité" (112) and "le territoire bigarré" (127)….The analyses of literary pieces like: Life of Pi by Yann Martel, Comment faire l'amour avec un Nègre sans se fatiguer by Dany Laferrière, The Law of Love by Laura Esquivel, and Myron by Gore Vidal lead us to rethink the negative stereotypes related to the Americas -"la différence, le racisme, l'immigration" (48) -and turn them into creative processes of transformation of the self and the society, and into "dynamiques interculturelles, multiculturelles et transculturelles contemporaines" (139) -as we read in the third and last chapter.Imbert's valuable contribution to the ongoing conversation about the role of alterity in theorizing transculturalism, multiculturalism, and interculturalism come in the form of the undertheorized concept of the transgression of duality, a term that symbolically signifies being inside or outside, belonging or being excluded, without having a third option.In Patrick Imbert's agile reflections, this third party ("le tiers inclus") signals the possibility to overcome the cause-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".