Comparative study of effectiveness and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients of knee joint osteoarthritis of knee, tertiary care hospital, Bidar, India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint failure and OA is the most frequent chronic joint disease causing pain and disability. Where all the structures of joints have undergone pathological changes and they are hyaline articular cartilage loss which may be focal or non-uniform, initially it will be focal then spread all over non-uniformly. Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are the mainstay of medical management of OA. Increased in reports suggests that GIT adverse effect with old NSAID’s and cardiovascular effects with selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors had precipitated to chase for better NSAID’s with minimal adverse effects. The current study compares the clinical effectiveness and safety of newer NSAID’s, etoricoxib, lornoxicam, to diclofenac which has been standard therapy in patients of OA of the knee joint.Methods: The current study is randomized, prospective, open-label, parallel group study conducted in 120 patients with OA of the knee joint diagnosed using American College of Rheumatology criteria. After getting the informed consent, they were randomized in three groups of 40 patients each who received tablet etoricoxib 120mg BID, tablet Lornoxicam 16mg BID, tablet diclofenac 50mg TID respectively. The duration of the study is 12 weeks. Data are calculated, tabulated and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and level of significance was determined by its P value.Results: After 12weeks of treatment, the severity of pain and functional indices using visual analog scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis score were significantly better (P <0.05) in etoricoxib group as compared to lornoxicam or diclofenac group along with a lesser rate of adverse effects.Conclusions: It is concluded that etoricoxib is more effective and tolerated NSAID than lornoxicam and diclofenac in the treatment of knee joint OA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".