Milky Way Halo Vibrations and Incommensurate Stream Velocities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Collisionless dark matter galactic halos are expected to exhibit damped oscillations as a result of ongoing late time accretion. An n -body model of the cosmological assembly of a Milky-Way-like halo is used to quantify the time dependence of its gravitational field. The simulation contains stellar streams, with velocities transverse to the path of the stream comparable to those reported for the Orphan stream. The fluctuations in the quadrupole moment of the dark matter halo are measured to be about 1% of the radial component of the gravity field, but are sufficient to largely explain the perpendicular velocities. The largest late time sub-halo within 100 kpc is a 2% mass at about 70 kpc from the galactic center. Simulations of self-interacting dark matter halos have reduced potential fluctuations as the collisions create a viscosity. If velocity measurements of a larger sample of Milky Way streams finds (or does not find) the expected distribution of transverse velocities, it will lead to limits on the cross section of self-interacting dark matter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".