Effect of preoperative urethral dilatation on preventing urethral stricture after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: A randomized controlled study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative urethral dilatation during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) on the prevention of urethral stricture. METHODS: A total of 72 patients without urethral stricture underwent HoLEP for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Recruited patients were randomly divided into two groups (groups A and B). Patients in group A (36 patients, experimental group) received preoperative urethral dilatation and patients in group B (36 patients, control group) did not. Each patient was evaluated at four weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after surgery. The effectiveness of preoperative urethral dilatation was evaluated based on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak urine flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, and post-void residual (PVR) volume. To diagnose urethral stricture, Qmax <10 mL/s, as assessed using uroflowmetry and findings of visualization through retrograde urethrography and urethroscopy, were used. RESULTS: Among 72 initial participants, 33 patients in group A and 31 patients in group B completed the experiment. Preoperative characteristics were well-balanced between groups. At each postoperative visit, there was no significant difference in voiding symptoms between groups. Two patients (6.06%) in group A and five patients (15.15%) in group B showed a Qmax <10 mL/s on uroflowmetry (p=0.013). On urethroscopy, no patient in group A (0%) and two patients in group B (6.45%) (p=0.021) showed urethral stricture after HoLEP. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative urethral dilatation during HoLEP decreased the incidence of urethral stricture. This procedure could be useful to reduce the risk of urethral stricture after transurethral prostate surgery. One limitation of the current study is the single-centre design. Also, we sought to determine the efficacy of preoperative urethral dilatation for the prevention of urethral stricture after transurethral prostate surgery within a short time period, which could be another limitation of the study. Despite these limitations, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first reported prospective, randomized trial analyzing the safety and efficacy of preoperative urethral dilatation for the prevention of urethral stricture after transurethral prostate surgery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".