The Effect of Hydrothermal Fluid Flow on Early Diagenetic Dolomitization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Middle Devonian carbonates of the Slave Point Formation, Hamburg field, northwestern Alberta, are composed mainly of stromatoporoid and Amphiporafloatstones and rudstones, with interbedded mudstone and grainstone facies characteristic of deposition in open to slightly restricted marine platform environments. These carbonates have undergone a complex diagenetic history, from shallow to deep burial, as represented by fracturing, calcite cementation, silicification, and dolomitization. Petrographically, four different types of dolomite have been identified (from early to late): (1) fine-crystalline matrix dolomite; (2) pseudomorphic dolomite; (3) medium-crystalline pervasive dolomite; and (4) saddle dolomite. Fine-crystalline dolomite (5–50 (μm) replaces the mud matrix and slightly penetrates the edges of allochems. It occurred in mud-supported facies and was precipitated by marine fluids. Oxygen isotope values range from −11.62 to −9.34‰ (Peedee belemnite), lower than postulated values for Devonian carbonates. The enriched 87Sr/ 86Sr isotope value from this phase (0.71002) suggests that later diagenetic fluids may have recrystallized this dolomite. Pseudomorphic dolomite (50–100 μm) replaces crinoids and occurs as single, large dolomite crystals. Its oxygen and carbon isotopic values range from −10.58 to −9.65 and +4.24 to +4.49‰, respectively. Medium-crystalline pervasive dolomite (10–100 μm) occurs along dissolution seams and obliterates all previous fabrics. It is proposed that this medium-crystalline dolomite formed during shallow to intermediate burial because of its association with dissolution seams and high iron content. The range of oxygen isotope values for this dolomite (−11.74 to −9.5‰) suggests precipitation from a warm fluid, possibly in a burial environment, and/or later recrystallization by hydrothermal fluids. The relatively wide range of carbon isotope values (+1.19 to +4.49‰) and enriched strontium isotope ratio (0.710020) suggests recrystallization. Saddle dolomite (250–2000 μm) partially to completely occludes void spaces (both fractures and vugs) and also occurs as a minor replacement mineral. The oxygen isotope values for saddle dolomite (−?13.95 to −?11.97‰), as well as the nonradiogenic to enriched strontium isotope ratios for saddle dolomite (0.70494 to 0.710351), and the fluid-inclusion data (homogenization temperature, Th, range between 125 and 161°C and estimated salinity, between 22.2 and 24.7 wt.% NaCl equivalent) indicate precipitation from hot, highly saline, hydrothermal fluids, which were probably expelled tectonically during the Late Devonian-Mississippian Antler thrust belt development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".