Sclerochronology-based geochemical studies of bivalve shells: potential vs reality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the early 1980s, attempts to develop a method for the retrospective estimation of water chemistry have been increasingly discussed in terms of bivalve sclerochronology. Although the problem with the interpretation of chemical data from shell growth patterns remains unsolved and a method, or at least its concept, has never been proposed, the optimism about the potential of the bivalve shell as a possible tool in retrospective environmental monitoring has reached the apogee nowadays. Here, we provide a review of the changes in the conceptual framework of the bivalve sclerochronology during more than thirty-five years of studies in the field, together with the analysis of the meaning of the key term ‘sclerochronology’. The new term, ‘sclerochronochemistry’ (skleros – hard, chronos – time, and chemistry), is proposed in order to fill a gap between sclerochronology and sclerochemistry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".