CIRCULATING LEVELS OF PCBs AND SEX HORMONES IN A POPULATION-BASED SAMPLE
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: PCBs have been widely used in the environment and high levels are still found in humans. Although some of the PCBs are regarded as Ah-receptor agonists, effects on reproductive organs have been reported, suggesting effects of PCBs on the biosynthesis of steroids. Aims: We have now evaluated the relationships between circulating levels of PCBs and sex hormones in humans. Methods: Plasma samples from 1000 70-year-olds were analyzed as part of a large population-based study (Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors). Eleven sex steroids were quantified, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and PCBs (PCB118, 126, 156, 169, 170 and 206) were measured with high-resolution GC/MS. Women with current/previous menopausal hormone therapy were excluded from the data analysis. Results: Concentrations of two dioxin-like PCB (PCB118 and PCB156) and one non-dioxin-like PCBs (206) were inversely related to levels of testosterone (in women only, p<0.05). Two of the non-dioxin-like PCBs (PCB170 and 206) were furthermore inversely related to estradiol levels in women only (p<0.005). Conclusions: In samples of elderly, concentrations of circulating PCBs were associated with concentrations of sex hormones. Physiological effects of different PCBs are likely different and their association with steroidogenesis should be studied.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it